BiRep: A Reputation Scheme to Mitigate the Effects of Black-Hole Nodes in Delay-Tolerant Internet of Vehicles

Delay-tolerant networking (DTN) enables communication in disruptive scenarios where issues such as sparse and intermittent connectivity, long variable delays, high latency, error rates, or no end-to-end connectivity exist. Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a network the future which integration between devices, vehicles, users will be unlimited universal, overcoming heterogeneity systems, services, applications, devices. internet vehicles (DT-IoV) emerging becoming popular research topic due to critical applications that can realized, software map update dissemination. For an IoV work efficiently, degree cooperation nodes necessary deliver messages their destinations. However, might misbehave silently drop messages, also known black-hole attack, degrading performance. Various solutions have been proposed deal with nodes, but most are centralized require each node meet every other node. This paper proposes decentralized reputation scheme called BiRep identifies punishes DT-IoV. tested on Prophet routing protocol. Simulation results show excellent performance all scenarios, comparable better schemes, significantly increasing delivery ratio messages.